TAILERRA

Goazen 3.0

Zeri buruzkoa da telesaila? Zer iruditzen zaizue?

HIZKUNTZA

GOAZEN 4.0

Zeri buruzkoa da telesaila? Zer iruditzen zaizue? Zein da zure iritzia?

EXTENSION UNIT 7

2 Read the text. Then complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple affirmative. Then tick (✓) the sentences true (T), false (F) or don’t know (DK) according to the text.

Street Musicians

It’s a typical morning at one of Chicago’s underground stations. People have left home early to get to work on time. There’s a lot of noise from the trains and the crowd. But if you listen carefully, you will hear the sound of a violin. Musician Scott Dusenbery has begun another day of work. He will play for several hours to entertain the underground travellers. If they like Scott’s music, they will throw money in the basket in front of him. It’s hard work but Scott thinks it’s fun.

Street musicians like Scott are serious, talented artists. They are different from ordinary musicians because they have chosen to perform on street corners, in parks and at shopping centre entrances. They perform when they want to and for as long as they want.

Some street performers get a chance to develop their careers. Crystal Bowersox is a good example. After performing as a street musician since the age of 17, she reached second place on the television programme American Idol in 2010.

Playing on the streets isn’t easy. Street musicians say that it is important not to get upset when people don’t listen to you. There is a YouTube video of Crystal Bowersox before she became famous. She was singing beautifully in the underground, but people didn’t even look at her as they hurried to their trains. Another problem is money. You won’t get rich playing on the streets, but these musicians don’t care. They often support themselves with a normal job and play in their free time.

Why do musicians choose this unique lifestyle? They love the adventure and the chance to meet new people. But the best part is the connection with the audience. George Banks, another Chicago street musician, feels the most wonderful part of his music is making another person happy.

                                                                                                                            T      F   DK

 1.Scott …………………… (work) at a normal job to support himself.                    ...... ...... ......

 2.   Some street musicians …………………… (choose) this type of work.              ...... ...... ......

 3.   Crystal Bowersox …………………… (perform) as a street musician.                ...... ...... ......

 4.   The American Idol programme ………………… (make) Crystal famous.       ...... ...... ......

 5.   It ………………… (be) easy for Crystal to make money as a street musician. ...... ...... ......

2 Answer the questions.

    1.   Why is it hard to hear Scott’s music? .............................................................................................

    2.   How are street musicians similar to ordinary musicians? .................................................................

    3.   What is difficult about playing in the street? ...................................................................................

    4.   Why do street musicians enjoy this work? Write two reasons from different paragraphs.

          ...............................................................................................................................................

          ...............................................................................................................................................

    5.   What does George Banks like about his work? ...............................................................................

3 Imagine you are a street musician. Write a blog entry about a day of playing on the street.

ANSWERS

2  1.   has worked – DK           4.  has made – T

    2.   have chosen – T            5.  has been – F

    3.   has performed – T

3  1.   Because there is a lot of noise from trains and the crowd.

    2.   They are serious, talented artists.

    3.   It’s easy to get upset when people don’t listen to you. / You won’t get rich playing on the street.

    4.   They perform when they want to and for
as long as they want to. They love the adventure and the chance to meet new people.

    5.   His music makes people happy.

For / Since

FOR / SINCE

Exercises 

1: Complete the following exercise with FOR or SINCE.

1    1. Nobody has come to see us ___________ we bought this small house.

2- She has been a doctor ___________ 1998.

3- Nobody has seen her ___________ then.

4- They have all been ill ___________ last week.

5- Peter went to the library. He has studied there ___________ a long time.

6- It has been very foggy ___________ early morning.

7- I’ve worked with you ___________ nine years.

8- He has been in prison ___________ two years.

9- She has worked in that office ___________ a month.

10- He hasn’t eaten anything ___________ twenty-four hours.

11- He hasn’t eaten anything ___________ yesterday.

12- They haven’t spoken to us ___________ we were at school.

13- I haven’t talked to her ___________ my birthday.

14- She’s been ill ___________ years.

15- I’ve been very patient with you ___________ several years.

16- I’ve had this job ___________ three months.

17- I’ve known her ___________ we both studied in London.

18- We’ve lived in Germany ___________ 1997

19- They’ve had this car ___________April.

20- Things have changed ___________ I was in your house.

21- I’ve known her ___________ the Gulf War.

22- We have been there ___________ October

23- I have been a vegetarian ___________ 1998

24- I have lived in this flat ___________ five years.

25- I’ve known her ___________ ages.

 Exercise 2: Choose the best answer.

1 - FOR / SINCE six weeks.

2 - FOR / SINCE Sunday.

3 - FOR / SINCE this morning.

4 - FOR / SINCE a long time.

5 - FOR / SINCE breakfast time.

6 - FOR / SINCE 1967. 

ANSWERS

1: Complete the following exercise with FOR or SINCE.

1    1. Nobody has come to see us __since_________ we bought this small house.

2- She has been a doctor ___since________ 1998.

3- Nobody has seen her ___since________ then.

4- They have all been ill ____since_______ last week.

5- Peter went to the library. He has studied there ____for_______ a long time.

6- It has been very foggy ___since________ early morning.

7- I’ve worked with you _____for______ nine years.

8- He has been in prison ___for________ two years.

9- She has worked in that office __for_________ a month.

10- He hasn’t eaten anything ___for________ twenty-four hours.

11- He hasn’t eaten anything ____since_______ yesterday.

12- They haven’t spoken to us ____since_______ we were at school.

13- I haven’t talked to her __since_________ my birthday.

14- She’s been ill ___for________ years.

15- I’ve been very patient with you ___for________ several years.

16- I’ve had this job ___for________ three months.

17- I’ve known her ____since_______ we both studied in London.

18- We’ve lived in Germany ____since_______ 1997

19- They’ve had this car ___since________April.

20- Things have changed ___since________ I was in your house.

21- I’ve known her ____since_______ the Gulf War.

22- We have been there ___since________ October

23- I have been a vegetarian ___since________ 1998

24- I have lived in this flat ____for_______ five years.

25- I’ve known her ___for________ ages.

 Exercise 2: Choose the best answer.

1 - FOR / SINCE six weeks.

2 - FOR / SINCE Sunday.

3 - FOR / SINCE this morning.

4 - FOR / SINCE a long time.

5 - FOR / SINCE breakfast time.

6 - FOR / SINCE 1967. 

Unit 7 Present Perfect

"PRESENT PERFECT"

El "present perfect" de cualquier verbo está compuesto por dos elementos: la forma apropiada del verbo auxiliar to have (en presente) y el "past participle" del verbo principal. La forma del "past participle" de un verbo regular es raíz + ed, e.g. played, arrived, looked. En cuanto a los verbos irregulares, consulta la Tabla de verbos irregulares del Student´s book.

TO WALK, "PRESENT PERFECT"

Afirmativa	Negativa	Interrogativa
I have walked	I haven't walked	Have I walked?
You have walked	You haven't walked.	Have you walked?
He, she, it has walked	He, she, it hasn't walked	Has he, she, it walked?
We have walked	We haven't walked	Have we walked?
You have walked	You haven't walked	Have you walked?
They have walked	They haven't walked	Have they walked?

EL "PRESENT PERFECT" SE UTILIZA PARA DESCRIBIR

• Una acción o situación iniciada en el pasado y que continúa en el presente. I have lived in Bristol since 1984 (= todavía vivo allí.)
• Una acción realizada durante un periodo de tiempo aún no concluido. She has been to the cinema twice this week (= la semana todavía no ha terminado.)
• Una acción repetida en un periodo temporal inespecífico situado entre el pasado y el presente. We have visited Portugal several times.
• Una acción que ha concluido en un pasado muy reciente, lo que se indica mediante 'just'. I have just finished my work.
• Una acción para la cual no es importante el momento preciso en que aconteció. He has read 'War and Peace'. (= lo relevante es el resultado de la acción)

ACCIONES INICIADAS EN EL PASADO Y QUE CONTINÚAN EN EL PRESENTE

• They haven't lived here for years.
• She has worked in the bank for five years.
• We have had the same car for ten years.
• Have you played the piano since you were a child?

CUANDO SE HACE REFERENCIA A UN PERIODO TEMPORAL INACABADO

• I have worked hard this week.
• It has rained a lot this year.
• We haven't seen her today.

ACCIONES REITERADAS EN UN PERIODO INESPECÍFICO, ENTRE EL PASADO Y EL PRESENTE.

• They have seen that film six times
• It has happened several times already.
• She has visited them frequently.
• We have eaten at that restaurant many times.

ACCIONES CONCLUIDAS EN UN PASADO MUY RECIENTE (+JUST)

• Have you just finished work?
• I have just eaten.
• We have just seen her.
• Has he just left?

CUANDO LA DIMENSIÓN TEMPORAL NO ES RELEVANTE O CONOCIDA

• Someone has eaten my soup!
• Have you seen 'Gone with the Wind'?
• She's studied Japanese, Russian, and English.

EXERCISES

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

1.Complete the following sentences with present perfect simple:

 1. She ________________________ (already/finish) her English exercises.

2. Paul __________________ (just/eat). He doesn't want to eat any more.

3. ______________________ (you/ever/be) in London?

4. Kate __________________ (never/go) to Australia.

5. __________________ (you/hear) the news yet?

6. Mary ______________ (buy) a new house.

7. Paul and Mary ______________ (find) a job in Switzerland.

8. Tom  ______________ (celebrate) her birthday this morning.

9. ______________________ (you/ever/see) a Kangaroo? I saw one last year.

10. ____________________ (she/paint) her grandmother’s house yet?

2. Complete the following sentences with present perfect simple:

1. I  _____________ (do) many things in my life.

2. I _____________ (travel) to many countries and I _____________ (see) many beautiful places.

3. I _____________ (meet) lots of interesting people all over the world.

4. I  _____________ (visit) cities in all 5 continents.

5. I_____________ (sail) round the world and I _____________ (climb) some of the highest mountains.

6. I _________ even _____________ (participate) in a north pole expedition.

7. I _____________ (eat) fried ants in Africa.

8. I  _____________ (have) some difficult moments but I  _____________ (forget) all of them. 

3 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the square box

not buy                         not make             not eat             forget   go        invite   meet                not phone         not see             take

1. No, I ________________ my sister. I’ll text her later.

2. She ________________ a lot of people to her wedding

3. We ________________ a lot of photographs during our holidays.

4. A: Where’s Mike?      B: I don’t know, I _____________ him today.

5. Mum, Alex ________________ his bed!!

6. It’s Megan’s birthday tomorrow but I ________________ her present.

7. A: Where’s Ann? B: She ________________ to bed.

8. I think we ________________ before but I ________________ your name.

9. I’m starving! I ________________ anything since yesterday.

4. Make the questions and write short answers using the present perfect.

1. you / phone / the doctor?(Yes) __Have you phoned the doctor?_____Yes, I have.____

2. she / finish / her meal?  (No)_________________________________________________

3. they / buy / a new car? (Yes)_____________________________________________________

4. Harry / tell / you / the news? (No)_______________________________________________

5. John / go / on holiday? (No)____________________________________________________

6. Megan / open / her presents? (Yes)_______________________________________________

7. you / be / to the opera? (Yes)_________________________________________________

8. Rick and Emma / make / many mistakes? (No)___________________________________

5 Translate into English.

1. Esta mañana no he desayunado. ______________________________________________

2. Carla no ha vuelto de las tiendas. ______________________________________

3. ¿Has terminado los ejercicios de inglés? __________________________________________

4. ¿Ha dejado de llover? ___________________________________________

 ANSWERS

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

1.Complete the following sentences with present perfect simple:

 1. She ____has already finished______ (already/finish) her English exercises.

2. Paul ____has just eaten______________ (just/eat). He doesn't want to eat any more.

3. _Have you ever been_____________________ (you/ever/be) in London?

4. Kate ____has never gone______________ (never/go) to Australia.

5. _Have you heard_________________ (you/hear) the news yet?

6. Mary _____has bought_________ (buy) a new house.

7. Paul and Mary _____have found_________ (find) a job in Switzerland.

8. Tom  ___has celebrated___________ (celebrate) her birthday this morning.

9. _____Have you ever seen____________ (you/ever/see) a Kangaroo? I saw one last year.

10. _____Has she painted_______________ (she/paint) her grandmother’s house yet?

2. Complete the following sentences with present perfect simple:

1. I  __have done___________ (do) many things in my life.

2. I ____have travelled___ (travel) to many countries and I ___have seen__________ (see) many beautiful places.

3. I __have met___________ (meet) lots of interesting people all over the world.

4. I  __have visited___________ (visit) cities in all 5 continents.

5. I___have sailed__________ (sail) round the world and I ____have climbed_________ (climb) some of the highest mountains.

6. I ____have_____ even ___participated__________ (participate) in a north pole expedition.

7. I ___have eaten__________ (eat) fried ants in Africa.

8. I  ___have had__________ (have) some difficult moments but I  __have forgotten___________ (forget) all of them. 

3 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the square box

not buy                         not make              not eat             forget   go        invite   meet                
not phone         not see             take

1. No, I ____haven´t phoned____________ my sister. I’ll text her later.

2. She ___has invited_____________ a lot of people to her wedding

3. We ___have taken_____________ a lot of photographs during our holidays.

4. A: Where’s Mike?      B: I don’t know, I __haven´t seen___________ him today.

5. Mum, Alex _____has made___________ his bed!!

6. It’s Megan’s birthday tomorrow but I ___haven´t bought_____________ her present.

7. A: Where’s Ann? B: She __has gone______________ to bed.

8. I think we ___have met_______ before but I __have forgotten__________ your name.

9. I’m starving! I ___haven´t eaten______ anything since yesterday.

4. Make the questions and write short answers using the present perfect.

1. you / phone / the doctor?(Yes) __Have you phoned the doctor?_____Yes, I have.____

2. she / finish / her meal?  (No)___Has she finished her meal?____No, she hasn´t.

3. they / buy / a new car? (Yes)__Have they bought a new car?___Yes, they have._

4. Harry / tell / you / the news? (No)__Has Harry told you the news?__No, he hasn´t_

5. John / go / on holiday? (No)__Has John gone on holiday?_No, he hasn´t____

6. Megan / open / her presents? (Yes)_Has Megan opened her presents? __Yes, she has_

7. you / be / to the opera? (Yes)___Have you been to the opera? Yes, I have______

8. Rick and Emma / make / many mistakes? (No)_Have Rick and Emma made many mistakes?No, they haven´t.

5 Translate into English.

1. Esta mañana no he desayunado. ____I haven´t had breakfast this morning__

2. Carla no ha vuelto de las tiendas. _Carla hasn´t come back from the shops___________

3. ¿Has terminado los ejercicios de inglés? ___Have you finished the English exercises?__

4. ¿Ha dejado de llover? ____Has it stopped raining?________